Here are today’s CHM 111 notes.  These notes finish up our discussion of the colligative properties and introduce rate laws.

[CHM 111: 6/29/2010 notes]

Any questions?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 111 notes.  These notes cover more about solution concentration, converting from one solution concentration unit to another, and hydration vs. lattice energy.  These notes also introduce the colligative properties and how to determine molecular weight based on freezing point depression.

[CHM 111: 6/28/2010 notes]

Any questions?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 111 notes.  These notes introduce solutions and four common concentration units for solutions:  mass percent, molarity, molality, and mole fraction.

[CHM 111: 6/24/2010 notes]

any questions?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 100 notes.  These notes continue our discussion of exchange reactions.

[CHM 100: 6/24/2010 notes]

Any questions?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 111 notes.  These notes cover properties of liquids (surface tension, viscosity, etc.), intermolecular forces, and classification and properties of solids.

[CHM 111: 6/23/2010 notes]

Any questions or problems accessing the notes?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 111 notes.  These notes cover valence bond theory and introduce solids and liquids.

[CHM 111: 6/22/2010 notes]

Any questions?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 100 notes.  These notes cover classification of reactions and introduce ionic theory and exchange reactions.

[CHM 100: 6/22/2010 notes]

Any questions?  Ask here!

Here are today’s CHM 111 notes.  These notes introduce molecular shape and the polarity of molecules.

[CHM 111: 6/21/2010 notes]

Any questions (or problems accessing these notes)?  Ask here in comments!

Here are today’s CHM 100 notes.  These notes cover how to name acids and how to identify from a name or a formula what kind of compound you have.  These notes also introduce chemical equations and balancing.

[CHM 100: Board notes for 6/17/2010]

Any questions?  Ask here!

Here’s formaldehyde.  You can see the trigonal planar structure clearly.  In some of these images, electrostatic potential is indicated with blue (for negative) and red (for positive) to show the polarity of these molecules.  Formaldehyde is a polar molecule.

Formaldehyde - with ESP shading

Take a look at the pyramidal shape of ammonia.  Its nitrogen atom is the top of the pyramid, while its hydrogen atoms form the base.  Ammonia is a polar molecule.

Ammonia - with ESP shading

Water is a bent molecule, which gives the molecule a hydrogen “side” and an oxygen “side”.  This makes the molecule polar.

Water - with ESP shading

Difluoromethane is a molecule that, at first glance, may appear nonpolar.  It has two hydrogen atoms and two fluorine atoms, but their tetrahedral arrangement around the central carbon atom makes the molecule have a hydrogen “side” and and fluorine “side”.

Difluoromethane

Since fluorine atoms are very electronegative, their arrangement makes difluoromethane a polar molecule.

Difluoromethane - with ESP shading